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1/29/1895  #533,329 Justus A. Traut of New Britain, CT, assignor to Stanley Rule & Level Co.

"Rabbet-Plane" (basic design of Stanley #98 & #98 side rabbet plane)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE


JUSTITS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

RABBET-PLANE.


SKEOmOATIOIf forming part of Letters Patent No. 633,389, dated January 29, 1896.
Application flIedOctoler 8:1894, SBiialUo, 5251202. aloiiMilel.)
To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TEAUT, a citizen of the tTuited States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State s of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to rabbet-planes, and it has for its principal object to furnish an lo improved plane of this general class, which may be readily converted from an ordinary rabbet-plane to a "bull-nose" plane without decreasing or adding to the number of parts of the tool. 15 Another object of the invention is to fur- nish an improved clamping-device for this kind of planes, by means of which the plane- iron or cutter may be securely and positively held substantially upon its longitudinal axis. eo In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure I is a side elevation of a rabbet-plane embodying my present invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a 25 portion of the forward end or toe of the plane, looking toward the side opposite that shown in Fig. I, and showing a reversible, auxiliary duplex runner in position to form an ordinary side-rabbet-plane. Fig. 4 is a view similar to 30 rig. 3, but showing the reversible member in position to form a "bull-nose" side-rabbet- plane. Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken in line x—x, Fig. I, looking in the direction of the arrow and illustrating one use of the plane. 35 Similar characters designate like parts in all of the views. In rabbet-planes as heretofore constructed it has been the practice to provide one form of plane for working in. continuous open 40 grooves, or cuts, and a separate, or "bull- nose," plane for working in grooves or cuts closed at one or both ends thereof. It is the main object of the present inven- tion to combine the ordinary rabbet-plane and 4.5 the" bull-n-ose " plane so that the two maybe readily and quickly converted from one to the other, without decreasing or adding to the number of parts thereof, while at the same time maintaining the strength and solidity of go the ordinary forms of plane of these types now in use. I attain this end by the provis- ion of an auxiliary reversible member, or

duplex runner removably secured to the for- ward end of the plane, in such a manner as to be fixedly held against movement laterally 55 and longitudinally of the stock when in piosi- tion thereon, and so that, when in either of its positions, one of the runners will have its sole in alignment with the sole of the stock, and will also have a vertical stop-face adja- 6o cent to the cutting edge of the plane-iron or cutter and adapted to close the chip-space or throat of the plane. My invention also contemplates the provis- ion of a clamp, adapted to be held positively 65 in position substantially upon its longitudi- nal axis, so that the end thrust upon thecut- 'ter, when the plane is in use, will not loosen the clamp, but will be taken up by a fixed portion of the stock, /o In the preferred embodiment of my inven- tion, herein shown and described, P desig- nates the stock of the plane, and is shown herein as comprising a body-portion 2, and a runner 3, of reduced cross-section, having the 75 usual beveled face 4 sloping toward the outer side of said runner to form the usual narrow sole 5. This stock is shown herein as of sub- stantially rectangular outline, and as pro- vided at the upper rear end thereof with a 8o handle 6, which may be of any desired con- struction. This handle is shown as formed separately from the stock and as secured thereto by a screw fastening but it is obvious that it might be integral with the stock. An 85 oblique channel is shown, at 7, as extending from the upper, inner corner of the plane to the lower, outer corner thereof, and is adapted for maintaining the cutter or bit in position. The walls of this channel are shown as par- go allel with each other, and as intersecting the outer face of the plane in a line perpendicu- lar with the sole thereof, so as to form an inner stop-wall for the outer side of the cutter- iron, and thereby maintain the cutting-edge 95 of said iron perpendicular to the plane of the sole of the stock. The plane-iron or bit is designated in a general way by B, and is shown as having parallel, longitudinal .edges, and as adapted ioo to fit snugly within the guides, 8 and 9, which form the upper and lower walls of the chan- nel 7. Tllis bit or cutter is also shown as beveled at its forward end to form a cutting
edge 10, which, when the cutter is in position, will be substantially perpendicular to the sole of the stock, and is represented as beveled also adjacent to its lower, longitudinal edge, g to conform with the outline of the beveled runner 3, and prevent interference with the work, which might result from the projection of a portion of the cutter beyond the inner, beveled edge of the runner. io The stock is shown herein as having formed upon its inner side a channel or guide-way 12, perpendicular to its sole but inclined to the sides of said stock at the same angle as is the channel 7, and adapted to position a 15 clamping-device for locking the cutter against the walls of said channel 7, the two guide- ways or channels being shown as intersecting each other. The clamping-device for securing the cut- 20 ter is shown as comprising a locking-member or bridge-piece 13, having a body portion, non- contiguous to the stock, and two transverse terminal members or clamping faces, 13' and IS", the latter of which is disposed obliquely 25 of the body-portion, so that when in position it will engage the inner face of the bit sub- stantially upon the longitudinal axis thereof. This bridge-clamp is shown as provided with a central aperture or opening adapted for the 30 reception of a clamping thumb-screw 14, the outer screw-threaded end of which engages a correspondingly - threaded aperture or tap, passing through the body portion of the plane, at a point substantially centrally-disposed rel- 3g atively to the side-walls of the guide-way 12. A washer 15 may be provided) if desired, be- tween the head of the clam'p-screw and the face of the bridge-piece. It will be seen that, when the cutter is in 40 position and the bridge-clamp is adjusted be- tween the walls of the channel 12, if the body- portion of the clamp is forced or sprung in- - wardly toward the inner wall of the stock by the clamp-screw, all the pressure exerted will 4.5 be transmitted to the two locking-faces 13' and 13", and that the cutter will be securely engaged and maintained in position, as the side edges of the clamp 13 engage against the walls of the guideway and fill the same so that go there can be no movement of the clamp until the screw is released. Pressure upon the cutter during the opera- tion of the plane is transmitted to the clamp in such a way as to be received against the gg vertical stop-walls of the guide-way 12, and hence the clamp can not work loose. At the forward end of the outer side of the stock, a channel or guide-way, shown at 16 as disposed substantially perpendicularly to the 6o sole of the plane) is formed, and said channel is provided with a rearwardly-extending re- cess or countersunk portion 16', the trans- verse wall of which is 'described by a curve which is shown as approximately a semi-cir- 65 cle, but it will be understood that this recess or countersink might be of a different confor- mation, if desired. The forward end of the stock is shown herein as linderout to thepoint where the channel 7, or cutter-way, intersects the outer face of the plane to the sole of the 70 runner thereof, but for only a portion of this distance. An auxiliary reversible, member, desig- nated in a general way by R', and having re- versible runners separately adapted to be 75 brought into alignment with the main run- ner to form therewith a continuous sole, is shown herein as adapted to be seated within said channel or guide-way, and to be main- tained against longitudinal movement, rela- So tively to the stock, by the vertical stop-walls, 17 and 18, thereof. This auxiliary runnoris shown as of partially rectangular outline— that is to say, it is formed with parallel front and rear walls, and with transverse parallel 85 soles perpendicular to said front and rear walls. Said duplex runner is shown herein as having at each of its upper and lower ends a runner and a sole, designated, respectively, by 19, 19', 20 and 20'. Each of said runners 90 is beveled to correspond with the beveled edge of the runner of the stock, one of said beveled faces being shown in Fig. 1. One end of this auxiliary runner is shown herein as of considerable length, and as having a cig tnA-nm'finn nr nn<ft 9,0" flYt.finrIinor slio-htiv I LVt~JV'L'VU \JL J-IUJOJ YV ~ t3r\L~~LlUILrlg, cllKu~lyy -bevond the forward end of the stock in the manner common to side-rabbet-planes as or- dinarily constructed. The other end of said duplex runner is shown as having a very ioo short runner formed by undercutting this end of the auxiliary member for a consider- able distance, so that when said auxiliary member is secured to the stock in the position shown in Fig. 4, the construction will be that 105 of a "bull-nose" plane, the toe-portion or nose of which extends under the forward end of the stock and is but slightly in advance of the cutting edge of the bit. In order that said auxiliary runner may be properly posi- i io tioned, .without unnecessary adjustment thereof, I have shown the same as provided herein with an aperture or opening, extend- ing through the same transversely thereof, at a point centrally located with respect to i ig both the vertical, parallel outer walls and the horizontal, parallel outer walls thereof, and as secured to the stock, within the guide-way 16, by a locking device, which is shown here- in as a screw 21, passing through the central 120 opening in said stock and into a correspond- ingly-threaded opening therein, which latter opening is so placed as to be at the same perpendicular distance from the main sole . (extended), as is the opening in the auxiliary, 125 duplex runner from the soles 19' and 20'. It will, be seen, therefore, that, when the aux- iliary stock is secured in position by the screw 21, in either of its positions the sole of the corresponding runner will be in exact 130 alignment with the sole of the runner upon the stock. The parallel, vertical walls of the duplex runner are so disposed as to engage I snugly against the corresDondinsr. forward
and rearward stop-walls of the guide-way 16, so that longitudinal movement of the auxil- iary runner, relatively to the stock, is posi- tively prevented. s It will be understood that the laterally-ex- tending recess 16' is merely to form a seat for the nose 20", and may be of any desired out- line so long as it is of sufficient area to in- close the same; and also, that the outer faces io of the stock and the duplex runner, when the parts are assembled form a continuous, plane surface, which presents no obstruction to the surface against which it may be held when the plane is in use, the head of the screw 21 15 being flush with or sunken below the outer face of the auxiliary runner, and the point of the clamping screw also being flush with the outer face of the stock. By means of the reversible, auxiliary mem- 20 her just described it will be evident that, by simply removing the screw 21 and reversing the position of said auxiliary member, the plane may be quickly changed from an ordi- nary rabbet-plane to a " bull-nose " rabbet- ed plane and vice versa, without changing any of the parts thereof, so that the plane may be readily and quickly adapted for use for smoothing the sides of grooves or cuts which are continuous from end to end of the ma- 30 terial being operated upon, or which extend but part-way along the material and are closed at their ends, which latter require a plane having a very short nose extending but slightly in advance of the cutter. It will also 35 be noticed that the rearward, vertical wall of the auxiliary runner closes the throat of the plane and forms the forward wall of said throat in both of its positions. A perfect convertible-plane is formed by 40 the combination with the main stock of an auxiliary runner of the character described, whereby the plane may be adapted for use either as an ordinary rabbet-plane or as a " bull-nose " rabbet-plane, by the removal and 45 re-setting'of a single screw and the member secured thereby. Having thus described my invention, I claim— 1. In a rabbet-plane, the combination with go the stock and its runner, of an auxiliary mem- ber adapted to be secured to said stock and to close the throat of the plane and having op- positely-disposed runners separately adapted to be brought into alignment with the main 55 runner npon the stock and form with said runner a continuous sole, substantially as de' scribed. 2. In a rabbet-plane, the combination with Iha rtnrilJ- onrl ;tn "rnrTnnv onrl wi~hh fha r,ffn~&127; secured to said stock, of an auxiliary mem- 60 ber adapted to be secured to the stock and to close the throat of the plane and formed with oppositely-disposed rnnners having re- spectively projecting and undercut portions forming auxiliary runners adapted to besep- 65 arately brought into alignment with the main runner upon the stock and to form therewith a continuous sole, whereby said plane is adapted for use either as an ordinary rabbet- plane or as a "bull-nose" rabbet-plane, sub- 70 stantially as described. 3. In a rabbet-plane, the combination with the stock and its runner, and with the cutter secured to said stock, of a vertically-disposed channel or guide-way at the forward end of 75 said stock, a reversible auxiliary member adapted to beseated insaid guide-way and having oppositely-disposed long and short rnnners separately adapted to be brought ad- jacent to and to close the throat of the plane, So and securing means in position and adapted for securing said auxiliary member in said guideway with the sole of either of its run- ners in alignment with the main sole of the stock, and thereby adapting the plane for use 85 either as an ordinary rabbet-plane or as a "bull-nose" rabbet-plane, substantially as described. 4. In a rabbet-plane, the combination with a stock having a throat open at its forward go side, and with a runner carried by said stock, of a reversible duplex auxiliary runner se- cured to the stock and adapted in either of its positions to close the throat of the plane and to form with the main runner a continn- 95 ous runner and sole, and stops carried by said stock and adapted to prevent longitudi- nal movement of said auxiliary runner rela- tively to the stock, substantially as described. 5. In a rabbet-plane, the combination with ioo a stock having an obliquely-disposed chan- nel, a cutter mounted therein) and a verti- cally-disposed guide-way intersecting said channel, of a bridge-damp seated in said guide-way and held therein against move- 105 ment longitudinally of the stock and having remotely-disposed looking-facesoneof which is adapted to engage the rear wall of said guide-way and the other of which is adapted to engage the cutter substantially upon the iio axial line thereof, and a clamping - screw passed through said clamp and into the stock and adapted to bind said clamp to the cutter, substantially as described. JUSTUS A. TBATJT. Witnesses: FKBD. J. DOLE, FBEDBBIOK A. BOLAND.